India-United States Relations

India-United States relations have evolved into a “Global Strategic Partnership” based on shared democratic values and growing convergence of interests across diverse sectors, nurtured over the years by high-level political visits, Through comprehensive dialogues, and strong cooperation in many areas. This article presents a comprehensive overview of relations between India and the United States, considering key areas of cooperation and assessing the impact of these relations, both within the countries and on the global stage.

Political Relations between India-United States:

The need for increased voice over high-level political visits between India and the United States has especially increased recently. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the US in 2014 signaled a significant change. During this trip, he held important meetings with President Barack Obama, members of the United States Congress, and leaders of various states and cities. This journey formed the core of the journey with the phrase “Let’s go together: move forward”.

President Obama responded by visiting India in January 2015, where he attended India’s Republic Day ceremony as Deputy Chief Guest. The Delhi Declaration of Friendship and the Joint Strategic Vision for the Asia-Pacific and Indian Ocean Region were important outcomes of his visit. These visits were instrumental in enhancing the strategic dialogue between the two countries. Subsequent visits by Prime Minister Modi, in 2015 and 2016, and an official engagement visit in June 2016, further strengthened the relationship.

These reflect the strength of this partnership through daily interactions between the countries’ leaders, meetings during international summits, and telephone calls and meetings. President Donald Trump, current president Joe Biden and Prime Minister Modi also maintained regular communications, indicating the long-term nature of India-United States relations.

Indo-US Dialogue Structure:

India–United States relations are characterized by a strong dialogue structure, with more than 50 bilateral mechanisms. The Strategic and Commercial Dialogue, launched at the ministerial level in 2015, expands the scope of traditional discussions. It covers several cooperation pillars such as nuclear cooperation, energy and climate change, education and development, economy, trade and agriculture, science and technology, and health and innovation.

Additionally, ministerial dialogues such as Home Minister Dialogues, Finance and Economic Partnership, Trade Policy Forum, Higher Education Dialogue, Joint Commission Meeting on Science and Technology, and Energy Dialogue further deepen cooperation.

Main exchanges between India and USA:

High-level representations have been a common feature of India-United States relations over the years. In 2015, Secretary of State John Kerry led the United States delegation to the Gujarat Summit, while United States Secretary of the Treasury Jacob Lew traveled to India for economic discussions. The visit of Defense Secretary Ashton Carter in June strengthened defense ties.

On the Indian side, the Finance Minister and the Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change visited Washington DC in 2016, while the former ministers attended the IMF/World Bank Spring Gathering meetingDefense ties were strengthened by Prime Minister Modi’s visit to India in 2016 for the Nuclear Security Summit and their status as a joint alliance partner.

Security and Strategic Partnership between India and US:

Counterterrorism cooperation between India and the United States has seen significant progress, including intelligence sharing, information exchange, operational cooperation, counterterrorism techniques, and equipment. India-United States relations in 2010 to improve capabilities against dangerous devices such as hospital bombs, the Counter-Terrorism Cooperation Initiative, reiterate the commitment to counter-terrorism efforts.

The two countries established a Homeland Security Dialogue in 2010, which has deepened operational cooperation and technology transfer. The efforts to improve the capabilities of counter-terrorism elements and exchange of terrorist screening information have been improved, thereby enhancing cooperation in counter-terrorism efforts.

The India–United States Civil Nuclear Cooperation:

The India–United States Civil Nuclear Cooperation Agreement, initiated in 2007 and formally signed in 2008, has seen significant developments in recent years. During Prime Minister Modi’s visit to the US in 2014, a Contact Group was established to ensure full and timely implementation of the Agreement, and to resolve outstanding issues. As a result of a decade of collaboration, site preparation work has begun for six AP 1000 reactors to be built by Westinghouse in India. Upon completion, the project will be the largest of its type. Discussions are ongoing between Power Corporation of India Limited and Westinghouse to finalize the agreement and resolve related issues.

Trade and Economic Relations between India and US:

Trade and economic cooperation between India and the United States are important parts of their strategic partnership. Bilateral trade in goods and services increased from $104 billion in 2014 to $114 billion in 2016. Both countries aim to increase bilateral trade to $500 billion.

The United States is an important source of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India, accounting for about 6% of total FDI. Investments by Indian companies in the United States are increasing, creating jobs and boosting economic growth.

Several dialogue forums help promote economic activity, such as the Economic and Financial Partnership and the Ministerial Trade Policy Forum.

Educational Relation between India-United States

The education sector is an important part of India-United States strategic cooperation. Initiatives like the Fulbright program, which enables more exchanges, benefit about 130,000 Indian students in the US. The Higher Education Dialogue focuses on strengthening strategic relationships between Indian universities, deepening collaboration in research and development, encouraging partnerships in professional education and junior faculty instructor development.

India is learning from the experience of the United States consortium of community colleges to meet the demands of skill development. Working closely with US institutions to collaborate on technology enabled education and massive independent online courses (MOOCs) with Indian institutions to meet educational needs. In the Global Initiative of Academic Networks (GIAN) launched by India, approximately 1000 US academics will be invited annually to teach and host in Indian universities. Both sides are working together to establish the new Indian Institute of Technology. This highlights their commitment towards cooperation in education.

India-United States Relations on Space  :

The United States and India cooperate in various aspects of space exploration and technology, such as Mars missions, satellite projects, and Earth science cooperation. A working group has been established to promote dialogue and cooperation in these areas.

India-United States Relations on Science and Technology :

Bilateral cooperation in science and technology has increased, with joint research centres, workshops, and marketing of jointly developed technologies being supported for human use. Aspects such as the U.S.-India Science & Technology Endowment Fund further support marketing with relevant socialist implications.

India-United States Relations on Health Sector:

Cooperation in the health sector focuses on addressing diseases, strengthening health systems and services, and maternal and child health. Both countries have established institutions and programs to promote disease surveillance and research in various health-related areas.

People-to-people ties:

The Indian American community of more than 3.5 million is a significant ethnic community between the United States and India, making up about 1% of the country’s total population. There is a growing influence of professionals, business entrepreneurs, and educational experts in the Indian American community. Considering the high level positions of two Indian American Governors, the Indian diaspora has joined their updated country and their inauguration is acting as a catalyst to build stronger and stronger bonds between India and the United States. Both countries have opened a U.S. embassy for self-accredited Indian citizens of their respective countries to boost their relations

Cultural Cooperation between India and Unite States:

Cultural exchange between India and the US is visible in a variety of ways through programs, educational initiatives, and events. Apart from teaching Indian cultural arts in universities and educational institutions, many private institutions teach Indian cultural arts. Furthermore, both the countries have decided to celebrate 2017 as a year of travel and tourism sharing to further boost their bonds in the region.

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